last

Additional Notes

last is a system command used to show recent login sessions. It reads from /var/log/wtmp to display a log of login and logout activity.

Use last -x to include system events like runlevel changes and shutdowns. Use last USERNAME to filter records for a specific user.

Syntax

last [options] [arguments]

Parameters

• options: Flags that change how last behaves.
• 'user': Show logins for a specific user (optional).

Common Options

• --help: Show command help when supported.
• --version: Show version information when supported.

Examples

last --help
man last

Practical Notes

Options can vary by distribution and package version. Use man last, last --help, or the package documentation for exact syntax.